Pharmacist (Master of Pharmacy) – job description, education, work, pay and employment

Professions 25.09.2026
Magistra farmacije za lekarniškim pultom pregleduje škatlico zdravila, za njo police z zdravili (ilustracija, ustvarjena z umetno inteligenco)

A pharmacist (in Slovenia, magister farmacije – Master of Pharmacy) is a healthcare worker qualified to work with medicines, advise patients, ensure the correct and safe use of medicines and carry out many other tasks in pharmacy and healthcare.

A pharmacist is an expert in medicines, active substances, dosage forms, pharmacotherapy and the safe use of medicines. Their work is very important in preventing medication errors, advising patients, monitoring the effects and side effects of medicines, and working with doctors and other healthcare professionals.

In Slovenia, pharmacist is a regulated healthcare profession. Practising it requires the appropriate education, a traineeship or professional induction, the professional examination and entry in the relevant register. A valid licence is also required to practise pharmacy independently.

Who is a pharmacist?

A pharmacist is a highly educated healthcare professional who deals with medicines and their correct use. Their work is not limited to dispensing medicines in a pharmacy. A pharmacist can work in many areas:

  • in pharmacies,
  • in hospitals,
  • in the pharmaceutical industry,
  • in clinical pharmacy,
  • in research institutions,
  • in laboratories,
  • in medicines development,
  • in medicines quality,
  • in public health,
  • in medicines registration,
  • in pharmacovigilance,
  • in academia,
  • in social care institutions.

SPOT lists the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of healthcare, laboratories, public health, research institutes and social care institutions among a pharmacist’s areas of work.

What does a pharmacist do?

A pharmacist’s work is very varied. In a pharmacy, one of their most important tasks is ensuring that medicines are used safely and correctly. A pharmacist can:

  • dispense prescription medicines,
  • dispense non-prescription medicines,
  • advise patients on using medicines,
  • check that medicines are prescribed correctly,
  • check for possible interactions between medicines,
  • warn about side effects,
  • advise on self-medication,
  • provide pharmaceutical care,
  • carry out medicines use reviews,
  • prepare magistral medicines,
  • make galenic medicines,
  • ensure the quality of medicines,
  • make sure medicines are stored correctly,
  • keep professional records,
  • work as part of the healthcare team,
  • take part in prevention programmes,
  • carry out health promotion,
  • take part in research.

Among the competences, the official job description specifically lists dispensing medicines, advising on their correct and safe use, checking prescribing and dispensing, pharmaceutical care, preparing magistral and galenic medicines, and working in the healthcare team.

The pharmacist in a pharmacy

The pharmacist’s best-known workplace is the pharmacy. There, a pharmacist is not just the person who hands the patient their medicine. Their job is to check:

  • which medicine has been prescribed,
  • whether the medicine is suitable for the patient,
  • how the medicine is used,
  • whether there are any significant interactions,
  • whether there are special warnings,
  • whether the patient is using the medicine correctly.

Advising the patient is also an important part of the work. A pharmacist can explain to the patient:

  • how to take the medicine,
  • when to take it,
  • what to take it with,
  • how to store it,
  • which side effects to watch for,
  • what to look out for,
  • when to see the doctor again.

In the pharmacy, pharmacists work with pharmacy technicians, who carry out some of the tasks within the scope of their own competences.

→ Pharmacy technician: job description and how it differs from a pharmacist

Pharmacists and medicines

A pharmacist is an expert in medicines. During their studies they gain knowledge of:

  • pharmacology,
  • pharmaceutical chemistry,
  • pharmaceutical technology,
  • pharmacotherapy,
  • biochemistry,
  • physiology,
  • anatomy,
  • microbiology,
  • toxicology,
  • clinical subjects,
  • analytical chemistry,
  • pharmaceutical legislation.

This knowledge allows them to understand a medicine from the active substance and the dosage form through to its use by the patient.

Pharmacists working with doctors

The pharmacist and the doctor have different roles, but they often work together in treatment.

The doctor

  • diagnoses the illness,
  • decides on the treatment,
  • prescribes medicines.

The pharmacist

  • checks that medicines are used correctly and safely,
  • advises on medicines,
  • checks for possible interactions,
  • monitors the use of medicines,
  • helps the patient understand the treatment,
  • takes part in pharmaceutical care.

SPOT specifically states that the pharmacist takes part in the treatment process under the supervision of the doctor and checks prescribed medicines for possible interactions and side effects.

How do you become a pharmacist?

In Slovenia, the path to becoming a pharmacist leads through the integrated master’s programme in Pharmacy. At the University of Ljubljana, the programme:

  • lasts 5 years,
  • has 10 semesters,
  • carries 300 ECTS,
  • is run by the Faculty of Pharmacy,
  • awards the professional title magister farmacije / magistra farmacije (mag. farm.).

It is an integrated master’s programme, so on completion a student does not first obtain a separate first-cycle degree and then a master’s degree in pharmacy, but completes a single integrated master’s programme.

What do you need to enrol in pharmacy?

The admission requirements for the integrated master’s programme in Pharmacy can include:

  • the general matura,
  • the vocational matura from certain upper secondary programmes together with the required matura subject,
  • in certain cases, completed older four-year upper secondary programmes.

For the academic years 2025/2026 to 2028/2029, the University of Ljubljana lists, among other things, enrolment with the general matura and certain combinations of the vocational matura and an additional matura subject.

What do you learn when studying pharmacy?

Pharmacy is a science-, health- and medicine-oriented degree. Students cover areas such as:

  • general and organic chemistry,
  • analytical chemistry,
  • biochemistry,
  • biology,
  • anatomy,
  • physiology,
  • microbiology,
  • pharmaceutical chemistry,
  • pharmacology,
  • pharmacotherapy,
  • pharmaceutical technology,
  • toxicology,
  • clinical pharmacy,
  • pharmaceutical biotechnology,
  • legislation,
  • quality of medicines.

The programme also trains students to understand how medicines are developed, designed, synthesised, analysed and evaluated for quality, safety and efficacy, and to give professional advice to patients.

Is studying pharmacy hard?

Pharmacy is a demanding and extensive degree. It involves a lot of:

  • chemistry,
  • biology,
  • biochemistry,
  • pharmacology,
  • laboratory work,
  • studying,
  • practical work,
  • technical terminology.

Students must be prepared for several years of intensive study. The most important qualities are:

  • good work habits,
  • the ability to learn,
  • precision,
  • logical thinking,
  • an understanding of science subjects,
  • responsibility.

The pharmacist traineeship

After graduation comes further professional training. The traineeship programme for pharmacists lasts 6 months.

Its purpose is for the pharmacist, under the guidance of a mentor, to become qualified to work independently, professionally and responsibly in pharmacy practice. During the traineeship they gain practical knowledge, take part in various professional tasks, study the professional literature and prepare for the professional examination.

The professional examination for pharmacists

A professional examination is required to practise in healthcare. According to SPOT, it covers:

  1. selected topics in emergency medical care,
  2. the basics of safety and quality in healthcare,
  3. the basics of the legal framework of healthcare,
  4. professional content of the field.

The professional examination is an important step towards practising independently.

The pharmacist’s licence

A pharmacist who wants to practise pharmacy independently needs a licence. Licences are issued by the Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy (Lekarniška zbornica Slovenije).

The licence is a public document proving the pharmacist’s professional competence to practise pharmacy independently. According to SPOT, it is granted for seven years and can be renewed. To renew it, the pharmacist must show appropriate continuing professional development.

Pharmacists and continuing professional development

Pharmacy is a field where knowledge keeps changing. New medicines, new guidelines, new therapies and new findings mean that a pharmacist must keep their knowledge up to date. Continuing professional development covers areas such as:

  • medicines,
  • pharmacotherapy,
  • medical devices,
  • magistral medicines,
  • galenic medicines,
  • pharmaceutical care,
  • patient counselling,
  • medicines safety,
  • medicines quality.

SPOT defines continuing professional development for pharmacists as an important part of maintaining professional standards and gaining new knowledge.

Pharmacist specialisation

A pharmacist can continue their professional path with a specialisation. A specialisation is postgraduate professional education and training for in-depth knowledge and skills in a particular area of pharmacy.

In Slovenia, the Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy currently lists five areas of specialisation:

  1. Drug formulation – the specialist works in depth on the development and design of medicines and dosage forms.
  2. Drug testing – the area covers the testing, evaluation and quality assurance of medicines.
  3. Clinical pharmacy – the clinical pharmacist works in depth on the use of medicines in patients, pharmacotherapy and optimising treatment.
  4. Pharmacognosy – the area covers active substances of natural origin and medicinal plants.
  5. Radiopharmacy – the area of radiopharmaceuticals and their use in medicine.

For its current call in 2026, the Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy lists these five areas, and the specialisation takes 3 years in total.

The Faculty of Pharmacy also lists the specialist areas of drug formulation, drug testing, clinical pharmacy, pharmacognosy and community pharmacy. The list of areas can change with the rules and calls, so it is worth checking the current call before deciding.

What does a clinical pharmacist do?

Clinical pharmacy is one of the main areas of further professional development for pharmacists. A clinical pharmacist can be involved in:

  • medication reviews,
  • monitoring drug treatment,
  • identifying interactions,
  • monitoring side effects,
  • optimising pharmacotherapy,
  • working with doctors,
  • advising patients,
  • preparing recommendations for safer use of medicines.

Their work is especially linked to the direct effect of medicines on the individual patient.

Where can a pharmacist work?

The employment options are very wide.

Pharmacy

The most traditional workplace is the pharmacy.

Hospital

A pharmacist can work in hospital pharmacy and help ensure medicines are used safely and effectively.

Pharmaceutical industry

Employment is possible in:

  • medicines development,
  • manufacturing,
  • quality assurance,
  • quality control,
  • medicines registration,
  • regulatory affairs,
  • pharmacovigilance,
  • clinical trials,
  • medical information.

Laboratory

A pharmacist can also work in a laboratory setting. Among the competences, SPOT lists analyses and tests of biological material, introducing new applications on analysers and working with biological material.

Research

A research career and continuing to doctoral studies are also possible.

Pharmacists in the pharmaceutical industry

The pharmaceutical industry offers many employment opportunities. A pharmacist can be involved in:

  • medicines development,
  • drug formulation,
  • clinical trials,
  • medicines registration,
  • monitoring medicines safety,
  • quality assurance,
  • quality control,
  • manufacturing,
  • regulatory affairs,
  • professional consulting,
  • medical information.

Pharmacist is therefore not a profession limited to pharmacies.

Pharmacists in hospitals

In a hospital setting, the work is often more focused on the complex use of medicines in patients. A pharmacist can be involved in:

  • preparing medicines,
  • ensuring the quality of medicines,
  • pharmaceutical care,
  • monitoring therapy,
  • working with doctors,
  • preventing interactions,
  • monitoring side effects,
  • rational use of medicines.

Teamwork with doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals is important here.

Pharmacists and patients

A pharmacist is often one of the most accessible healthcare professionals for the patient. Patients can turn to a pharmacist with questions about:

  • using medicines,
  • side effects,
  • self-medication,
  • food supplements,
  • medical devices,
  • taking medicines correctly,
  • interactions between medicines.

In self-medication, the pharmacist must also judge whether the problem is suitable for self-medication or whether the patient needs to see a doctor. SPOT explicitly includes this among the pharmacist’s competences.

Pharmacists and self-medication

With non-prescription medicines, the pharmacist has an important advisory role. Before dispensing or recommending a medicine, they can assess:

  • the symptoms,
  • how long the problem has lasted,
  • the patient’s age,
  • other medicines,
  • any chronic conditions,
  • the risk of interactions,
  • the need for a medical examination.

The aim is not just to recommend a product, but to ensure safe and sensible use of treatment.

Pharmacists and magistral medicines

One of a pharmacist’s professional tasks is preparing magistral medicines. A magistral medicine is prepared for an individual patient or for a specific use according to the relevant medical or professional instructions. The pharmacist must ensure:

  • correct preparation,
  • quality,
  • the right composition,
  • safety,
  • correct labelling,
  • appropriate documentation.

SPOT includes among their competences preparing magistral medicines, making galenic medicines and ensuring their quality, safety and efficacy.

What qualities does a good pharmacist need?

The following are very important in the work:

  • precision,
  • responsibility,
  • communication skills,
  • professionalism,
  • analytical thinking,
  • the ability to concentrate,
  • organisation,
  • empathy,
  • the ability to listen,
  • discretion,
  • willingness to keep learning.

It is also important that a pharmacist can explain complex professional information to the patient in an understandable way.

The pharmacist’s responsibility

A pharmacist’s work carries great responsibility. A mistake with a medicine can have serious consequences. A pharmacist must therefore take into account:

  • the right medicine,
  • the right strength,
  • the right dosage,
  • the right use,
  • interactions,
  • contraindications,
  • warnings,
  • patient safety.

This is exactly why the profession is regulated and formal conditions are set for independent practice.

Pharmacist pay in Slovenia

A pharmacist’s pay depends on several factors. The main ones are:

  • work experience,
  • the post,
  • the sector,
  • the employer,
  • the complexity of the work,
  • additional professional skills,
  • specialisation,
  • management responsibilities,
  • whether they work in a pharmacy, hospital, industry or another setting.

A pharmacist can work in the public or private sector, so there are considerable differences between individual posts. When comparing pay, it makes more sense to look at the specific post and pay system rather than just the professional title.

Advantages of the profession

The advantages include:

  • a high level of professional education,
  • wide employment opportunities,
  • work in healthcare,
  • the possibility of working in the pharmaceutical industry,
  • the possibility of working in research,
  • the possibility of specialising,
  • the possibility of continuing to doctoral studies,
  • work with modern medicines and technologies,
  • the chance to advise patients directly,
  • varied career paths.

A pharmacist can steer their career more towards working with patients, science, industry, laboratory work, clinical pharmacy or management.

Disadvantages and challenges of the profession

The profession also has its challenges. These can include:

  • demanding education,
  • great responsibility,
  • the need to keep learning,
  • working with patients,
  • responsibility for dispensing medicines correctly,
  • working under time pressure,
  • a lot of professional documentation,
  • demanding work with medicines,
  • the need for precision.

In a pharmacy, communicating with patients who have different needs, expectations and health problems can also be demanding.

Is a pharmacist a doctor?

No. The pharmacist and the doctor are different healthcare professions. A doctor is an expert in diagnosing and treating illness, while a pharmacist is an expert in medicines and their correct and safe use. They often work together in treatment.

Can a pharmacist work in a hospital?

Yes. A pharmacist can work at the secondary and tertiary levels of healthcare, including in hospitals. They can help ensure the safe use of medicines, provide pharmaceutical care, prepare medicines and work with the healthcare team.

Can a pharmacist work in the pharmaceutical industry?

Yes. The pharmaceutical industry is one of the main areas of employment. Posts are available in:

  • medicines development,
  • quality,
  • manufacturing,
  • registration,
  • regulatory affairs,
  • clinical trials,
  • pharmacovigilance,
  • professional information,
  • medical affairs,
  • marketing and professional support.

Can a pharmacist open their own pharmacy?

Practising pharmacy independently is governed by legislation and requires meeting the prescribed conditions. Providing healthcare or pharmacy services depends not only on the individual’s education and licence, but also on conditions relating to the provider, premises, equipment, registration and other legal requirements.

Opening a pharmacy is therefore not the same as simply opening an ordinary business.

Pharmacists and private practice

Pharmacists can run a private healthcare practice under the prescribed conditions. The conditions laid down by healthcare regulations and pharmacy regulations must be met. Among the legal bases for the field, SPOT also lists the Pharmacy Practice Act and the regulations governing private healthcare practice.

Pharmacists from abroad

For a pharmacist who obtained their education in another country, procedures for recognising professional qualifications apply. For qualifications obtained in the EU, SPOT lists options such as the European Professional Card and automatic recognition; other procedures apply to qualifications from outside the EU.

The future of the profession

Pharmacy is a fast-developing field. The following areas will be particularly important:

  • personalised medicine,
  • biological medicines,
  • advanced therapies,
  • digital health,
  • pharmacogenomics,
  • clinical pharmacy,
  • artificial intelligence,
  • new dosage forms,
  • automation,
  • digital monitoring of therapy.

The pharmacist’s role may therefore continue to expand from traditional dispensing towards more active involvement in pharmacotherapy and patient care.

Pharmacists and artificial intelligence

In pharmacy, artificial intelligence can help with:

  • data analysis,
  • detecting interactions,
  • medicines research,
  • developing new active substances,
  • clinical trials,
  • monitoring medicines safety,
  • optimising processes.

The healthcare professional’s responsibility, however, remains key. Technology can support decision-making, but it does not replace professional responsibility, judgement and communication with the patient.

Frequently asked questions about the pharmacist profession

What is a pharmacist?

A pharmacist is a highly educated healthcare professional who deals with medicines, their use, safety and quality, and with advising patients.

How long does a pharmacy degree take?

The integrated master’s programme in Pharmacy lasts 5 years, or 10 semesters, and carries 300 ECTS.

What title do you get?

On successful completion you obtain the professional title magister farmacije / magistra farmacije (mag. farm.).

Is a pharmacist a healthcare worker?

Yes. Pharmacist is a regulated healthcare profession.

Does a pharmacist have to complete a traineeship?

Yes. The traineeship programme for pharmacists lasts 6 months.

Does a pharmacist have to pass a professional examination?

Yes. A professional examination is required to practise in healthcare.

Does a pharmacist need a licence?

A licence, issued by the Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy, is required to practise pharmacy independently.

How long is the licence valid?

The licence is granted for 7 years and can be renewed if the conditions are met.

Where can a pharmacist work?

In a pharmacy, hospital, the pharmaceutical industry, a laboratory, a research institution, public health and other settings.

Can a pharmacist work in the pharmaceutical industry?

Yes. There are many posts in development, quality, manufacturing, registration, regulatory affairs, clinical trials and pharmacovigilance.

Can a pharmacist become a specialist?

Yes. There are specialisations for pharmacists in Slovenia.

Which specialisations are there?

The current 2026 call of the Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy includes specialisations in drug formulation, drug testing, clinical pharmacy, pharmacognosy and radiopharmacy.

How long does a specialisation take?

The current pharmacy specialisations take 3 years.

Pharmacist – a short summary

A pharmacist is a healthcare expert in medicines. Their work includes:

  • dispensing medicines,
  • advising patients,
  • reviewing therapy,
  • monitoring interactions,
  • pharmaceutical care,
  • preparing magistral medicines,
  • ensuring the quality of medicines,
  • working in the healthcare team,
  • research,
  • laboratory work,
  • developing and manufacturing medicines.

The path to the profession includes the 5-year integrated master’s programme in Pharmacy, followed by the professional requirements for practising in healthcare, including a traineeship and the professional examination. A licence is required to practise pharmacy independently.

A pharmacist has very wide employment opportunities – from pharmacies and hospitals to the pharmaceutical industry, laboratories, research and specialist professional fields.


Pharmacist – career options

In Slovenia, a pharmacist has several different employment options. The best known is working in a pharmacy, but a pharmacist’s career is by no means limited to pharmacy practice. The career path can be divided into two broad areas:

  1. work in a pharmacy, with the focus on the patient, medicines and pharmacy practice;
  2. other pharmacist careers, in hospitals, the pharmaceutical industry, research, laboratories, regulatory affairs, clinical trials and other professional settings.

Working in a pharmacy

Working in a pharmacy is one of the most common career paths for pharmacists. In a pharmacy, a pharmacist is not just the person who hands out medicines. An important part of their job is ensuring that medicines are used safely, correctly and effectively. Their tasks include:

  • dispensing prescription medicines,
  • dispensing non-prescription medicines,
  • reviewing prescribed therapy,
  • advising patients,
  • advising on self-medication,
  • checking for possible interactions between medicines,
  • warning about significant side effects,
  • instructions on the correct use of medicines,
  • preparing magistral medicines,
  • making or preparing galenic products,
  • making sure medicines are stored correctly,
  • ensuring the quality of medicines,
  • working with doctors and other healthcare workers.

Communication with the patient is a particularly important part of the work. A pharmacist must be able to explain professional information about medicines in an understandable way.

Advising patients in the pharmacy

The pharmacy is often the patient’s first point of contact with healthcare for minor health problems. A pharmacist can advise on:

  • headaches,
  • colds,
  • coughs,
  • digestive problems,
  • allergies,
  • skin problems,
  • using non-prescription medicines,
  • using food supplements,
  • the correct use of medical devices.

They must judge whether the problem is suitable for self-medication or whether the patient needs to see a doctor.

Pharmacists and prescription medicines

When dispensing a prescription medicine, the pharmacist checks that the prescribed therapy is appropriate and explains its use to the patient. They can explain:

  • how often to take the medicine,
  • how much to take,
  • when to take it,
  • how long to use it,
  • how to store it correctly,
  • which side effects to watch for,
  • whether to watch for interactions with other medicines.

If they identify a professionally significant problem, they can consult the doctor about the therapy.

Career stages in pharmacy practice

Working in a pharmacy can involve different career stages. Over time, a pharmacist can take on:

  • more professional responsibility,
  • mentoring,
  • organisational tasks,
  • management tasks,
  • running a pharmacy,
  • involvement in professional projects,
  • additional specialist knowledge.

A career path towards specialist in community or clinical pharmacy is also possible, depending on the specialisations available and the work setting.

Other career paths for pharmacists

A pharmacist is not limited to working in a pharmacy. Their education also opens up many other careers. The main ones include:

  • hospital pharmacy,
  • clinical pharmacy,
  • the pharmaceutical industry,
  • medicines development,
  • medicines manufacturing,
  • quality control,
  • quality assurance,
  • medicines registration,
  • regulatory affairs,
  • pharmacovigilance,
  • clinical trials,
  • laboratory work,
  • research,
  • an academic career,
  • public health,
  • professional consulting,
  • medical information.

Pharmacists in hospitals and clinical pharmacy

In a hospital, the work is different from a traditional pharmacy. A pharmacist can be involved in:

  • ensuring the safe use of medicines,
  • preparing medicines,
  • pharmaceutical care of patients,
  • medication reviews,
  • monitoring side effects,
  • identifying interactions,
  • optimising pharmacotherapy,
  • working with doctors,
  • working with nurses and other healthcare workers.

Clinical pharmacy is a particularly important area, in which the pharmacist is more directly involved in managing the pharmacotherapy of individual patients.

The clinical pharmacist

Clinical pharmacy is one of the options for further professional development. A clinical pharmacist deals mainly with the safe and effective use of medicines in individual patients. Their work can include:

  • medication reviews,
  • assessing pharmacotherapy,
  • identifying interactions,
  • monitoring side effects,
  • monitoring treatment effectiveness,
  • helping to optimise therapy,
  • advising the healthcare team,
  • advising patients.

A clinical pharmacist therefore works more directly within the healthcare team.

Pharmacists in the pharmaceutical industry

The pharmaceutical industry is an important alternative career path. A pharmacist can work in these areas:

  • Medicines development – helping to develop new pharmaceutical products and dosage forms.
  • Manufacturing – helping to organise and supervise production processes.
  • Quality control – analysing and checking the quality of medicines and raw materials.
  • Quality assurance – working on quality systems and ensuring production complies with regulations.
  • Medicines registration – working on the documentation and procedures needed to obtain marketing authorisations.
  • Pharmacovigilance – monitoring the safety of medicines and side effects after use.
  • Clinical trials – helping to plan, run and monitor clinical trials.

Pharmacists in regulatory affairs

Regulatory affairs is the field in which a pharmacist helps ensure that medicines and other products comply with legislation. The work can include:

  • preparing regulatory documentation,
  • registration procedures,
  • following legislation,
  • communicating with regulatory authorities,
  • variations to marketing authorisations,
  • monitoring requirements for medicines.

This is mainly office-based professional work and differs considerably from everyday work in a pharmacy.

Pharmacists in pharmacovigilance

Pharmacovigilance is the field of monitoring the safety of medicines. A pharmacist can be involved in:

  • collecting data on side effects,
  • assessing safety signals,
  • preparing safety reports,
  • monitoring medicines safety,
  • communicating treatment risks.

It is a field where analytical thinking, knowledge of medicines and an understanding of clinical data are important.

Pharmacists in research

A pharmacist can also move into research. They can research:

  • medicines,
  • active substances,
  • dosage forms,
  • pharmacology,
  • pharmacokinetics,
  • biotechnology,
  • new treatments,
  • the safety and efficacy of medicines.

Doctoral studies are also an option for an academic and research career.

Pharmacists in laboratories

A pharmacist can also work in a laboratory setting. The work can include:

  • chemical analyses,
  • pharmaceutical analyses,
  • quality control,
  • research analyses,
  • working with laboratory equipment,
  • developing analytical methods.

This kind of work is usually less focused on direct contact with patients and more on professional or analytical work.

Pharmacists in public health

Employment in public health is also possible. A pharmacist can be involved in:

  • health promotion programmes,
  • the safe use of medicines,
  • monitoring the use of medicines,
  • professional analyses,
  • preparing professional recommendations,
  • health policy and regulation.

Pharmacy or pharmaceutical industry?

These are two quite different career paths.

Working in a pharmacy

The focus is on:

  • the patient,
  • medicines,
  • advice,
  • communication,
  • dispensing medicines,
  • pharmaceutical care.

The pharmaceutical industry

The focus is on:

  • development,
  • research,
  • manufacturing,
  • quality,
  • regulatory affairs,
  • clinical trials,
  • pharmacovigilance.

Two pharmacists with the same basic education can therefore do very different jobs.

Which career path is right for you?

The choice depends mainly on the individual’s interests.

  • If you enjoy working with people, giving advice and direct contact with patients, the pharmacy is the natural choice.
  • If you are more interested in science, research and development, research or industrial settings may suit you better.
  • If you are interested in working with medicines directly at the patient’s side and with doctors, clinical pharmacy may appeal.
  • If you are interested in analyses and laboratory work, there are options in laboratories and quality control.
  • If you are interested in legislation, documentation and medicines at the regulatory level, regulatory affairs may appeal.

Pharmacist career – a quick overview

Career pathMain focus
PharmacyThe patient, medicines and advice
HospitalPharmacotherapy and the healthcare team
Clinical pharmacyOptimising drug treatment
Pharmaceutical industryDevelopment, manufacturing and business processes
Quality controlAnalysis and quality checking
Quality assuranceQuality systems and compliance
Regulatory affairsRegistration and legislation
PharmacovigilanceMedicines safety
Clinical trialsResearch on medicines in humans
LaboratoryAnalyses and research
ResearchDeveloping knowledge and new solutions
Public healthMedicines and population health

Conclusion

A pharmacist has much wider options than working in a pharmacy alone. The pharmacy is an important and very visible career path, focused on direct contact with patients, dispensing medicines and giving advice.

The second large group of careers includes hospital and clinical pharmacy, the pharmaceutical industry, research, laboratories, clinical trials, pharmacovigilance, regulatory affairs, quality assurance and public health.

This breadth is one of the defining features of the profession: after graduation, a pharmacist’s career can develop towards patients, medicine, science, technology or the pharmaceutical industry.


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Sources and useful links

  • SPOT – Pharmacist (magister farmacije): official information on the conditions for practising the profession, competences, the professional examination, the licence and recognition of qualifications.
  • University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy – integrated master’s programme in Pharmacy: duration, scope, professional title and admission requirements.
  • Slovenian Chamber of Pharmacy: licences, continuing professional development and the 2026 call for pharmacist specialisations.
  • Traineeship programme for pharmacists: duration and purpose of the traineeship.
  • Pharmacy Practice Act: the legal basis for pharmacy practice.